Results of laboratory and field studies of the separating system of a potato harvesting machine

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The article describes a method for experimental studies of a separation system with thermal energy for cleaning a machine for harvesting root crops and potatoes under conditions of increased soil moisture up to 27%, represented by a rod elevator and a cleaning star. The self-propelled combine harvester VARITRON 470 is equipped with this system. When equipping it, a developed deflector system for supplying exhaust gases from the power plant to the rod elevator and cleaning star was used. Field research was carried out in the Penza region in the fields of the IP Bodyagin V.I. The research results allow us to assert the possibility of increasing the forward speed of a rod elevator as a result of improving the quality of cleaning of commercial products, eliminating the possibility of mechanical impurities sticking to the grate bars of a rod elevator. The main patterns of changes in the quality indicators of the developed separating system are determined, indicating that the completeness of separation of commercial products is 95.8% when finding the optimal values of the factors under consideration: the distance between the rod elevator and the deflector SД = 160 mm and the forward speed of the rod elevator vД = 1.6 m/s.

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Sobre autores

Ya. Lobachevsky

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”; Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru

Academician of the RAS, Professor

Rússia, Moscow; Moscow

A. Dorokhov

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”

Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4758-3843

Academician of the RAS, Chief Researcher

Rússia, Moscow

A. Sibirev

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9442-2276

Grand PhD in Engineering Sciences, Chief Researcher

Rússia, Moscow

M. Mosyakov

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”

Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru

PhD in Engineering Sciences

Rússia, Moscow

N. Sazonov

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”

Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru

PhD in Engineering Sciences

Rússia, Moscow

Bibliografia

  1. Dorohov A.S., Aksenov A.G., Sibiryov A.V. i dr. Rezul’taty laboratornyh issledovanij separiruyushchej sistemy s ispol’zovaniem teploty otrabotavshih gazov mashiny dlya uborki kartofelya // Vestnik Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2022. T. 17. № 1 (65). S. 45–49.
  2. Dorohov A.S., Sibiryov A.V., Aksenov A.G. i dr. Rezul’taty laboratornyh issledovanij separiruyushchej sistemy s teplovoj energiej ochistki mashiny dlya uborki korneplodov // Sel’skohozyajstvennye mashiny i tekhnologii. 2022. № 1. S. 19–26.
  3. Elizarov V.P., Burchenko P.N., Spirin A.P. i dr. Iskhodnye trebovaniya na bazovye mashinnye tekhnologicheskie operacii v rastenievodstve. M., 2005. 270 s.
  4. Kiyashko N.V. Standartizaciya i sertifikaciya sel’skohozyajstvennoj produkcii. FGBOU VO Primorskaya GSHA; sost. N.V. Kiyashko. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. Ussurijsk, 2015. 200 s.
  5. Kurdyumov V.I., Zykin E.S. Tekhnologiya i sredstva mekhanizacii grebnevogo vozdelyvaniya propashnyh kul’tur. Ul’yanovsk, 2017. 320 s.
  6. Lobachevskij Ya.P., Bejlis V.M., Cench Yu.S. Aspekty cifrovizacii sistemy tekhnologij i mashin // Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK. 2019. № 36. S. 40-45. Rezhim dostupa: https://vestnik.viesh.ru/journal/vypusk-3-36-2019/
  7. Lobachevskij Ya.P., Dorohov A.S. Cifrovye tekhnologii i robotizirovannye tekhnicheskie sredstva dlya sel’skogo hozyajstva // Sel’skohozyajstvennye mashiny i tekhnologii. 2021. № 15 (4). S. 6–10. https://doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2021-15-4-6-10
  8. Lobachevskij Ya.P., Cench Yu.S. Principy formirovaniya sistem mashin i tekhnologij dlya kompleksnoj mekhanizacii i avtomatizacii tekhnologicheskih processov // Sel’skohozyajstvennye mashiny i tekhnologii. 2022. № 16 (4). P. 4–12. EDN: IDJFYV. https://doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2022-16-4-4-12.
  9. Indraja D., Ajkhilesh, J., Vishal, P. Review paper based on Design and Development of An Onion Harvesting Machine. J. Inf. Comput. Sci. 2019. № 9. P. 333–337. Available online: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339201506 (accessed on).
  10. Pasaman B., Zakharchuk V. The determination of the parameters of a ploughshare-rotor potato digger. Econtechmod. Int. Q. J. 2012. P. 43–47. Available online: http://www.journals.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/98931/edition/85237/content (accessed on)

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2. Fig. 1. Structural and technological scheme of self-propelled harvester VARITRON 470 for potato harvesting: 1 - rollers; 2 - disk knives; 3 - plowshare; 4 - hopper; 5 - unloading conveyor; 6, 8 - tear-off roller; 7 - re-harvesting table; 9 - lifting conveyor; 10 - rare twist conveyor; 11 - cascade conveyor; 12 - brush separator; 13 - slide; 14 - combing roller; 15 - shaker; 16 - main conveyor.

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3. Fig. 2. Constructive scheme of separating system with exhaust gas heat: 1 - bar elevator; 2 - exhaust gas deflector.

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4. Fig. 3. Distribution of the gas jet: A - at central gas inlet; B - lateral.

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5. Fig. 4. Structural diagram of the deflector.

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6. Fig. 5. Dependence of separation completeness νK, % of potato tubers on the distance SD between the bar elevator and the deflector, vD = 1.6 m/s.

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7. Fig. 6. Dependence of separation completeness νK, % of sugar beet roots on the forward speed of the rod elevator VD, at VD = 130 mm.

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8. Fig. 7. Dependence of separation completeness νK, % of potato tubers on the distance SD between the bar elevator and the deflector and the forward speed of the bar elevator VD.

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9. Fig. 8. Graph of the dependence of values on the expected distribution frequencies.

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