Study of the Influence of Organomineral Fertilizers on the Resistance to Spring Frost of Apple Trees

This article presents the preliminary results of testing a new drug NPC “White Pearl Universal Antifreeze” on apple. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of organomineral fertilizers on the physiological and biochemical parameters of apple trees resistance to spring frosts. Sinap Orlovsky, an apple cultivar from the bioresource collection of VNIISPK, served as an object of the study. The experiment was based on three variants. The experiment variants were: 1 – control (without treatments); 2 – foliar treatment with 1% solution of NPC “White Pearl Universal Antifreeze”; 3 – foliar treatment with 3% solution of NPC “White Pearl Universal Antifreeze”. There were 3 repetitions in each experiment with 5 accounting trees. Three-fold non-root treatment in the experimental versions contributed to a 34.3% increase in bound water. Against the background of an increase in the activity of total amylase, 1% and 3% solutions of the drug increased the amount of sugars in fruit buds by 23.1% and 55.6%, respectively, compared with the control. At the same time, the NPC “White Pearl Universal Antifreeze” contributed to the acceleration of protein metabolism in fruit buds. Thus, the level of proline under the influence of a 3% solution of the NPC “White Pearl Universal Antifreeze” decreased by 8.0 times and by 9.2 times in the variant with 1% solution, whereas in the control it decreased by 7.8 times. According to the results of field and laboratory observations, the positive effect of the drug NPC “White Pearl Universal Antifreeze” on the stability of flowers and buds was revealed. The preliminary data make it possible to conclude that the treatment with NPC “White Pearl Universal Antifreeze” can increase resistance to low-temperature stress in the spring period by optimizing the water regime, improving carbohydrate-protein, energy and redox metabolism.