Possible Mechanisms of the Influence of Oxytocin and Vazopressin on Perception and Memory of Odors and on Social Behavior

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A possible mechanism is proposed for the influence of oxytocin and vasopressin on the functioning of the neural network in the CNS, in which olfactory information is processed and stored, and which plays an important role in social behavior. The effect of these neuropeptides on postsynaptic receptors associated with Gq/11 proteins contributes to the induction of LTP of the efficacy of excitatory synaptic inputs to the main projection cells and to inhibitory interneurons in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, piriform cortex, anterior olfactory nucleus, olfactory bulb and nucleus accumbens, including the olfactory tubercle. As a result of disynaptic inhibition in each of the structures, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved and the transmission of strong signals through projection neurons to their target cells is facilitated. Due to the fact, that oxytocin promotes the release of dopamine by the neurons of the ventral tegmental area, the conditions for processing and memorizing olfactory information in the interconnected olfactory and hippocampal neural networks, including cortical and subcortical structures, are improved, and attention is also included in this processing. Long-term modification of the effectiveness of interneuronal connections in these networks under the influence of oxytocin and dopamine contributes to the formation and stabilization of contrasting neuronal representation of odors formed in cortical areas. Orientation of attention increases the significance of socially important olfactory stimuli and improves the conditions for the functioning of the reinforcement system necessary for adequate social behavior. Taking into account the known data on the correlation between social behavior and the density of oxytocin and vasopressin receptors on neurons of different structures, understanding the mechanisms of the influence of these neuropeptides on the functioning of the olfactory system can be useful for finding ways to correct behavior if necessary.

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I. Silkis

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology RAS

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: isa-silkis@mail.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. The effect of oxytocin and vasopressin on the interdependent functioning of various structures in the olfactory and hippocampal neural networks involved in social behavior: VP – ventral pallidum; VP – ventral field of the tire; ZI – dentate gyrus; MDYA – mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus; Latin trans. – lateral septum; mPFC – medial prefrontal cortex; OB – olfactory tubercle; OfC – orbitofrontal cortex; PVYA – paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; PK – pyriform cortex; POYA – anterior olfactory nucleus; PYA – nucleus accumbens (ventral striatum); RE – thalamic nucleus of reunion; CA1, CA2, CA3 – hippocampal fields; SOY – supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus; ECl and ECm – the lateral and medial parts of the entorhinal cortex. The lines ending in solid arrows and rhombuses are excitatory and inhibitory inputs, respectively. The lines ending in two–sided solid arrows are reciprocal excitatory connections. Thin lines with open arrows – oxytocin

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