卷 61, 编号 2 (2017)

The pregnancy and delivery can provoke development of retinal detachment in women in the presence of pathological alterations of eye-ground. The rapid development of ophthalmology and amelioration of material and technical resources of medical organizations processing out-patient reception permit hoping for comprehensive examination of eye-ground of all pregnant women. The study was carried out with purpose to evaluate completeness of examination of eye-ground of pregnant women in out-patient conditions. The methods. The questionnaire survey was organized concerning women at the last month of pregnancy being for treatment in department ofpregnancy pathology in a certain maternity hospital under large multifield hospital of Moscow in 2014-2015. The analysis was applied to answers of 481 women concerning completeness of their examination by ophthalmologist at out-patient stage of observation. The analysis of grounds for alertness of ophthalmologists concerning risk of retinal detachment was implemented on the basis of data from state statistical reporting form № 12 about morbidity of Russian population (including girls aged from 15 to 17 years) with eye diseases and its adnexa (2005-2015), myopia (2005-2014), degenerative myopia and retinal detachment with rupture (2014-2015). Conclusions. The study established that every ninth women (11.2%) miss visiting to ophthalmologist during pregnancy; in all the rest, condition of periphery of eye-ground was not examined properly i. e. examination of eye-ground under mydriasis is implemented in 41.2% of cases and in case of one-time visit (54.2%) only in 33.7% of cases. The absence of mandatory examination of eye-ground at wide pupil of pregnant women by ophthalmologists of primary medical care level deprive of any sense recommendation about twice visit to oculist during pregnancy period. The observed deterioration of ophthalmic health ofpopulation provoke no interest in oculists ofprimary medical care level to increasing of alertness related to risk of retinal detachment during natural delivery. There are grounds to expect further increasing of development of retinal detachment in women during natural delivery.

The study was organized to establish medical, social and psychological problems in families fostering children with diabetes mellitus type I. The analysis was implemented concerning level of life of such families, satisfaction with quality of medical, medicinal, counseling and social care, selfcontrol of disease and psychological problems in families of the Smolenskaia oblast. The activities are proposed necessary for developing care to the given contingent ofpatients at the regional level.

Invention of chemical weapons can be coincided with 20^th century world history, as it altered the course of military events. Eventually, biological, nuclear, thermobaric and thermobaric weapons got evolved in ambit of research for novel drastic means for mass disastrous effects. This increasing need for more advanced and efficient weapons led to immeasurable living detriments, casualties and severe environmental consequences. The effects of prolonged exposure to toxic emissions affect the human organism in multiple systems and organs, provoking from mild symptoms to irreversible conditions and eventually lethal. Mutagenesis and oncogenesis incitement affect the cellular biomolecular structure through genetic alterations, an event that evolves with the passing of time and exhibits long-term effects. The repercussions caused have arisen intense concerns among the global community, leading to collective agreements and conventions. However, universal efforts to the direction of radical weapons ’restraint ought to be intensified.