Dynamics of Certain Macroelements During the Decomposition of Fallen Trees in an Old-Growth Middle-Taiga Spruce Forest of Kivach Nature Reserve

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Abstract

The dynamics of certain macroelements’ content (P, K, Ca, Mg and S) during the decomposition of bark and wood of fallen trees of the main forest-forming tree species the middle-taiga blueberry spruce forest (Kivach Nature Reserve, Republic of Karelia) was estimated. The initial content of most macroelements was higher in bark compared to that in wood. The direction and intensity of the element content dynamics in deadwood during the decomposition depended on the tree species identity and the log fraction. Depending on tree species, the content of P, and S increased in both bark and wood. The Mg content decreased in bark of deciduous species’ deadwood and did not change significantly in the bark of conifers, whereas it decreased in wood of all studied tree species. The K content decreased in both bark and wood of all studied tree species. The models of the macroelements stocks dynamics on the log scale were presented. In the bark, the stock of all macroelements decreased in direct proportion to the intensity of bark fragmentation: the loss rates varied from –0.08 to –0.69 year–1, depending on the tree species. In wood, the P amount increased in spruce logs and changed only slightly in logs of the other tree species. The stock of other macroelements decreased at a rate not exceeding –0.08 year–1. The loss intensity of those macroelements was higher in the logs of deciduous tree species compared to that in coniferous ones. The results obtained highlight the significant role of coarse woody debris, primarily coniferous tree species, as a long-term pool of macroelements within the biogeochemical cycle in the forest ecosystems.

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About the authors

I. V. Romashkin

Forest Research Institute of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: romashkin@krc.karelia.ru
Russian Federation, 11, Pushkinskaya St., Petrozavodsk, 185910

E. A. Kapitsa

Kirov Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University

Email: romashkin@krc.karelia.ru
Russian Federation, 5, Institutsky All., Saint Petersburg, 194021

K. M. Nikerova

Forest Research Institute of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: romashkin@krc.karelia.ru
Russian Federation, 11, Pushkinskaya St., Petrozavodsk, 185910

E. V. Shorokhova

Forest Research Institute of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: romashkin@krc.karelia.ru
Russian Federation, 11, Pushkinskaya St., Petrozavodsk, 185910

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2. Fig. 1. Dynamics of P, K, Ca, Mg and S content per unit mass and volume (%) in bark and wood of deadwood during decomposition. The values of the parameter coefficients of the used generalised linear models (GLM) are presented in Table 4.

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3. Fig. 2. Results of analysing the dynamics of macronutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg and S) content in bark and deadwood of the considered tree species using multidimensional scaling (NMDS). Denotations: A, differences between stem fractions without regard to species; B, differences between species in bark; C, differences between species in wood; age, age of tree die-off (duration of decomposition), class, class of decomposition, Xm(v), element (X) content per unit mass (m) or unit volume (v). Ovals show the standard deviation, arrows - the direction of increase of the parameter value.

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4. Fig. 3. Models of macronutrient (kg m-3) stock dynamics (P, K, Ca, Mg and S) in deadwood bark and wood during decomposition at the deadwood trunk scale in terms of 1 m3. Parameters of the models are presented in Table 5.

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