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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современная онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-1434</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1815-1442</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">75906</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/18151434.2021.3.200993</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL ONCOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ОНКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma. Literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мелкоклеточный рак внелегочной локализации. Обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orel</surname><given-names>Nadezhda F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орел</surname><given-names>Надежда Федоровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. онкологии и паллиативной медицины им. акад. А.И. Савицкого</p></bio><email>orel.nad@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0995-1801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poddubnaya</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поддубная</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Acad. RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>акад. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., проректор по учебной работе и международному сотрудничеству, зав. каф. онкологии и паллиативной медицины им. акад. А.И. Савицкого</p></bio><email>ivprectorat@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-11-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>442</fpage><lpage>446</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-07-09"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/75906">https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/75906</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review shows the features of rare tumors – extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (EPSCC). The possible approaches for the treatment of this unfavorable group of tumors are discussed. EPSCC can occur in every organ. The clinical course and morphology of EPSCC are similar to small lung cell carcinoma (SCLC). EPSCC belongs to the group of low-grade neuroendocrine tumors with high proliferative activity. There are a small number of publications in the literature concerning EPSCC. Basically, these publications concerning the various clinical cases with comments. Most often, EPSCC occurs in the female genital tract, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary SCC and known cases of SCC of the head and neck. The cases concerning SCC in other organs are also described. For the treatment of EPSCC are usually applied guidelines developed for SCLC, and several publications on the use of immunotherapy in the treatment of EPSCC have already appeared. The analysis of the available literature let us suggest EPSCC is a big problem that requires a more in-depth study and consensus guidelines adoption for the management of these patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре рассматриваются особенности редких опухолей – мелкоклеточных раков внелегочной локализации (МРВЛ). Обсуждаются возможные подходы к лечению этой неблагоприятной группы опухолей. МРВЛ может встречаться во всех органах. По клиническому течению и морфологии этот рак схож с мелкоклеточным раком (МР) легкого. Относится к группе низкодифференцированных нейроэндокринных опухолей с высоким индексом пролиферативной активности. В литературе имеется небольшое число публикаций, посвященных МРВЛ. В основном это описания различных клинических случаев с комментариями. Наиболее часто МРВЛ встречается в женских половых органах, желудочно-кишечном тракте, генитоуринарный МР, МР в области головы/шеи. Описаны случаи МР и в других органах. Для лечения МРВЛ обычно используются рекомендации, разработанные для МР легкого, и уже появились отдельные публикации по использованию иммунотерапии при МРВЛ. Анализ доступной литературы позволяет сделать вывод о том, что МРВЛ представляет большую проблему, требующую более глубокого изучения и принятия консенсусных рекомендаций по ведению данных больных.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>small cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>extrapulmonary localization</kwd><kwd>multidisciplinary treatment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мелкоклеточный рак</kwd><kwd>внелегочная локализация</kwd><kwd>мультидисциплинарное лечение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Гуревич Л.Е. Общая характеристика нейроэндокринных опухолей желудочно-кишечного тракта и гепатопанкреатической системы. В кн.: Нейроэндокринные опухоли. Общие принципы диагностики и лечения. Под ред. В.А. Горбуновой. 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