<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современная онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-1434</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1815-1442</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">704705</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/18151434.2026.2.203712</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Modern view on therapeutic strategies for advanced lung cancer with a <italic>BRAF</italic> mutation. A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современный взгляд на лечебную тактику распространенного рака легкого с выявленной мутацией <italic>BRAF</italic></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4879-2687</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolotina</surname><given-names>Larisa V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болотина</surname><given-names>Лариса Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof. RAS, Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>проф. РАН, д-р мед. наук, зав. отд-нием химиотерапии, Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена, член правления RUSSCO</p></bio><email>lbolotina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Radiological Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>140</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-19"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/704705">https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/704705</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article examines contemporary treatment strategies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a <italic>BRAF</italic> gene mutation, which is observed in approximately 5% of NSCLC patients. The significance of molecular genetic testing to detect the <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E mutation in all patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC is underscored. The article describes the principles guiding the selection of treatment regimens for NSCLC with <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E mutation, highlighting the need to use targeted therapies in the first line due to their association with the highest objective response rates and survival outcomes. Various factors should be considered when selecting the first-line regimen, including the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, the presence of intracranial metastases, concurrent medical conditions, and the patient’s tolerance to antitumor therapy. Detailed results from a phase II PHAROS clinical study evaluating the efficacy and safety of encorafenib in combination with binimetinib in patients with metastatic NSCLC exhibiting the <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E mutation are presented. This study reported the most favorable overall survival to date in treatment-naive patients with <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E-mutated metastatic NSCLC, with an overall survival of 47.6 months, surpassing that achieved with other systemic therapies. Hence, the implementation of molecular genetic testing to identify driver mutations prior to initiating treatment, alongside first-line targeted therapy, is a critical factor in improving survival rates for patients with advanced NSCLC and the <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E mutation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена актуальным подходам к лечению распространенного немелкоклеточного рака легкого (НМРЛ) с мутацией гена <italic>BRAF</italic> – генетическим нарушением, выявляемым примерно у 5% пациентов с НМРЛ. Подчеркивается важность молекулярно-генетического тестирования для выявления мутации <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E у всех пациентов с распространенным НМРЛ. Описываются принципы выбора последовательности лечебных режимов при НМРЛ с мутацией <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E, а также необходимость использования таргетных препаратов в 1-й линии, так как именно они обеспечивают максимальную эффективность с самой высокой частотой объективного ответа и показателями выживаемости. При выборе режима 1-й линии терапии следует учитывать ряд параметров: функциональный статус по шкале ECOG, наличие интракраниальных метастазов, сопутствующие заболевания у пациента, переносимость противоопухолевой терапии. В статье подробно представлены результаты клинического исследования II фазы PHAROS, посвященного эффективности и безопасности комбинации энкорафениба с биниметинибом при метастатическом НМРЛ с мутацией в гене <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E, – исследование, в котором достигнуты наиболее высокие на сегодняшний день показатели общей выживаемости у нелеченных пациентов с РЛ с мутацией <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E в сравнении с другими видами системной лекарственной терапии (общая выживаемость 47,6 мес). Таким образом, молекулярно-генетическое тестирование с целью выявления драйверных мутаций до начала лечения пациентов с НМРЛ, а также таргетная терапия 1-й линии – ключевые факторы улучшения выживаемости пациентов с распространенным НМРЛ с мутацией <italic>BRAF</italic> V600E.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-small cell lung cancer</kwd><kwd>lung neoplasms</kwd><kwd>BRAF V600E mutation</kwd><kwd>mutations</kwd><kwd>molecular biology</kwd><kwd>encorafenib</kwd><kwd>binimetinib</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>немелкоклеточный рак легкого</kwd><kwd>новообразования легкого</kwd><kwd>мутация BRAF V600E</kwd><kwd>мутации</kwd><kwd>молекулярная биология</kwd><kwd>энкорафениб</kwd><kwd>биниметиниб</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229-63. DOI:10.3322/caac.21834</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2024 году (заболеваемость). Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой, Н.Ю. Золотарева. М.: 2025 [Zlokachestvennye novoobrazovaniia v Rossii v 2024 godu (zabolevaemost). Pod red. AD Kaprina, VV Starinskogo, AO Shakhzadovoi, NIu Zolotareva. Moscow, 2025 (in Russian)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Wang M, Herbst RS, Boshoff C. Toward personalized treatment approaches for non-small-cell lung cancer. Nat Med. 2021;27(8):1345-56. DOI:10.1038/s41591-021-01450-2</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Yang SR, Schultheis AM, Yu H, et al. Precision medicine in non-small cell lung cancer: Current applications and future directions. Semin Cancer Biol. 2022;84:184-98. DOI:10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.009</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>De Maglio G, Pasello G, Dono M, et al. The storm of NGS in NSCLC diagnostic-therapeutic pathway: How to sun the real clinical practice. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2022;169:103561. DOI:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103561</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Imyanitov EN, Preobrazhenskaya EV, Orlov SV. Current status of molecular diagnostics for lung cancer. Explor Target Antitumor Ther. 2024;5(3):742-65. DOI:10.37349/etat.2024.00244</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Harada G, Yang SR, Cocco E, Drilon A. Rare molecular subtypes of lung cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2023;20(4):229-49. DOI:10.1038/s41571-023-00733-6</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Chevallier M, Borgeaud M, Addeo A, Friedlaender A. Oncogenic driver mutations in non-small cell lung cancer: Past, present and future. World J Clin Oncol. 2021;12(4):217-37. DOI:10.5306/wjco.v12.i4.217</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Guaitoli G, Zullo L, Tiseo M, et al. Non-small-cell lung cancer: how to manage BRAF-mutated disease. Drugs Context. 2023;12:2022-11-3. DOI:10.7573/dic.2022-11-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Friedlaender A, Perol M, Banna GL, et al. Oncogenic alterations in advanced NSCLC: a molecular super-highway. Biomark Res. 2024;12(1):24. DOI:10.1186/s40364-024-00566-0</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Казаков А.М., Лактионов К.К., Саранцева К.А. Генетический профиль пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком легкого I–IIIA стадий. Российский биотерапевтический журнал. 2023;22(1):42-8 [Kazakov AM, Laktionov KK, Sarantseva KA. Genetic profile of patients with stage I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer. Rossiiskii Bioterapevticheskii Zhurnal. 2023;22(1):42-8 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.17650/1726-9784-2023-22-1-42-48</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Dagogo-Jack I, Martinez P, Yeap BY, et al. Impact of BRAF Mutation Class on Disease Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes in BRAF-mutant Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2019;25(1):158-65. DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-2062</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Marchetti A, Felicioni L, Malatesta S, et al. Clinical features and outcome of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer harboring BRAF mutations. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(26):3574-9. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2011.35.9638</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Smiech M, Leszczynski P, Kono H, et al. Emerging BRAF Mutations in Cancer Progression and Their Possible Effects on Transcriptional Networks. Genes. 2020;11(11):1342. DOI:10.3390/genes11111342</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Pradervand S, Freundler N, Gosztonyi B, et al. Real-world occurrence, therapy, and outcome of patients with class 2 or 3 BRAF compared with class 1 BRAF-mutated cancers. ESMO Real World Data and Digital Oncology. 2024;6:100075. DOI:10.1016/j.esmorw.2024.100075</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Owsley J, Stein MK, Porter J, et al. Prevalence of class I–III BRAF mutations among 114,662 cancer patients in a large genomic database. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2020;246(1):31-9. DOI:10.1177/1535370220959657</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Mosele MF, Westphalen CB, Stenzinger A, et al. Recommendations for the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for patients with advanced cancer in 2024: a report from the ESMO Precision Medicine Working Group. Ann Oncol. 2024;35(7):588-606. DOI:10.1016/j.annonc.2024.04.005</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Злокачественное новообразование бронхов и легкого. Клинические рекомендации Минздрава России. 2025. Режим доступа: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/30_5. Ссылка активна на 14.02.2026 [Zlokachestvennoe novoobrazovanie bronkhov i legkogo. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii Minzdrava Rossii. 2024. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/30_5. Accessed: 14.02.2026 (in Russian)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Лактионов К.К., Реутова Е.В., Горохов А.Е., и др. Подходы к диагностике и лечению больных немелкоклеточным раком легкого III–IV стадии в России. Предварительные результаты проспективного многоцентрового неинтервенционного наблюдательного исследования КАРЛ. Онкология. Журнал им. П.А. Герцена. 2023;12(6):33-7 [Lactionov KK, Reutova EV, Gorokhov AE, et al. Approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with stage III–IV non-small cell lung cancer in Russia. Preliminary results of a prospective multicenter non-interventional observational study KARL. Herzen J Oncol. 2023;12(6):33-7 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.17116/onkolog20231206133</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Hendriks LE, Kerr KM, Menis J, et al. Oncogene addicted metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2023;34(4):339-57. DOI:10.1016/j.annonc.2022.12.009</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Mazieres J, Drilon A, Lusque A, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with advanced lung cancer and oncogenic driver alterations: results from the IMMUNOTARGET registry. Ann Oncol. 2019;30(8):1321-8. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mdz167</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Dudnik E, Peled N, Nechushtan H, et al. BRAF Mutant Lung Cancer: Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression, Tumor Mutational Burden, Microsatellite Instability Status, and Response to Immune Check-Point Inhibitors. J Thorac Oncol. 2018;13(8):1128-37. DOI:10.1016/j.jtho.2018.04.024</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Subbiah V, Gervais R, Riely G, et al. Efficacy of Vemurafenib in Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With BRAF V600 Mutation: An Open-Label, Single-Arm Cohort of the Histology-Independent VE-BASKET Study. JCO Precis Oncol. 2019;3:PO.18.00266. DOI:10.1200/PO.18.00266</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Mazieres J, Cropet C, Montané L, et al. Vemurafenib in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with BRAF(V600) and BRAF(nonV600) mutations. Ann Oncol. 2020;31(2):289-94. DOI:10.1016/j.annonc.2019.10.022</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Planchard D, Kim TM, Mazieres J, et al. Dabrafenib in patients with BRAF(V600E)-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a single-arm, multicentre, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(5):642-50. DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(16)00077-2</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Planchard D, Smit EF, Groen HJM, et al. Dabrafenib plus trametinib in patients with previously untreated BRAF(V600E)-mutant metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: an open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18(10):1307-16. DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30679-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Planchard D, Besse B, Groen HJM, et al. Dabrafenib plus trametinib in patients with previously treated BRAF(V600E)-mutant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: an open-label, multicentre phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(7):984-93. DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30146-2</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Burlingham BT, Widlanski TS. An intuitive look at the relationship of K1 and IC50: a more general use for the Dixon plot. J Chem Educ. 2003;80(2):214-8. DOI:10.1021/ed080p214</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Copeland RA, Pompliano DL, Meek TD. Drug-target residence time and its implications for lead optimization. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006;5(9):730-9. DOI:10.1038/nrd2082</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Vauquelin G, Charlton SJ. Long-lasting binding and rebinding as mechanisms to prolong in vivo drug action. Br J Pharmacol. 2010;161(3):488-508. DOI:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00936.x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Smith DA, Beaumont K, Maurer TS, Di L. Relevance of Half-Life in Drug Design. J Med Chem. 2018;61(10):4273-82. DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00969</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Heinzerling L, Eigentler TK, Fluck M, et al. Tolerability of BRAF/MEK inhibitor combinations: adverse event evaluation and management. ESMO Open. 2019;4(3):e00491. DOI:10.1136 esmoopen-2019-00049</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Riely GJ, Smit EF, Ahn MJ, et al. Phase II, Open-Label Study of Encorafenib Plus Binimetinib in Patients With BRAFV600-Mutant Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2023;41(21):3700-11. DOI:10.1200/JCO.23.00774</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Johnson M, Smit EF, Felip E, et al. Updated Overall Survival Analysis From the Phase II PHAROS Study of Encorafenib Plus Binimetinib in Patients With BRAF V600E-Mutant Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2025;43(35):3706-13. DOI:10.1200/JCO-25-02023</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Planchard D, Besse B, Groen HJM, et al. Dabrafenib plus trametinib in patients with previously treated BRAF(V600E)-mutant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: An open-label, multicenter phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(7):984-93. DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30146-2</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Planchard D, Smit EF, Groen HJM, et al. Dabrafenib plus trametinib in patients with previously untreated BRAF(V600E)-mutant metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: An open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18:1307-16. DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30679-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Planchard D, Besse B, Groen HJM, et al. Phase 2 Study of Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib in Patients With Braf V600e-Mutant Metastatic Nsclc: Updated 5-Year Survival Rates and Genomic Analysis. J Thorac Oncol. 2022;17(1):103-15. DOI:10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.011</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Wiesweg M, Alaffas A, Rasokat A, et al. Treatment Sequences in BRAF-V600-Mutated NSCLC: First-Line Targeted Therapy Versus First-Line (Chemo-) Immunotherapy. J Thorac Oncol. 2025;20(9):1328-35. DOI:10.1016/j.jtho.2025.04.016</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Di Federico A, Wang K, Chen MF, et al. First-line immunotherapy with or without chemotherapy versus BRAF plus MEK inhibitors in BRAFV600E-mutated metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (FRONT-BRAF): a multicentre, retrospective cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2025;10:1357-69. DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(25)00409-7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Planchard D, Couraud S, Mascaux C, et al. Diagnosis and treatment patterns in adults with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with BRAFV600E mutation in clinical practice: An international ambispective real-world study (OCTOPUS). Presented at ELCC; 2025. Poster [86P].</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
