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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современная онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-1434</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1815-1442</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">568126</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL ONCOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ОНКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Challenges and perspectives of first-line therapy in patients with diffuse B-cell lymphoma: A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вызовы и перспективы 1-й линии терапии пациентов с диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфомой</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8290-5564</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Babicheva</surname><given-names>Lali G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабичева</surname><given-names>Лали Галимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)n Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц. кафедры онкологии и паллиативной медицины</p></bio><email>lalibabicheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0995-1801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poddubnaya</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поддубная</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Acad. RASn Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>акад. РАН, доктор мед. наук, професcор, зав. кафедры онкологии и паллиативной медицины имени А.И. Савицкого, проректор по лечебной работе и международному сотрудничеству ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО, засл. деят. образования РФ, председатель Российского общества онкогематологов</p></bio><email>ivprectorat@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-08-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>178</fpage><lpage>184</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-08-08"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-08-08"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/568126">https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/568126</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The neoplasm we refer to as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) consists of many different subtypes that should not be subject to a single standardized treatment. Critical at the diagnostic stage is the identification of rare (5–10%) but extremely aggressive variants – high grade B-cell lymphomas with <italic>MYC</italic> and <italic>BCL</italic><italic>2 </italic>and/or <italic>BCL</italic><italic>6 </italic>double-hit (DH) or triple-hit (TH) rearrangement, in which intensive chemoimmunotherapy programs should be applied. The main and most frequent variant of the heterogeneous group of B-cell lymphomas discussed in this publication is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (NOS). Two immunohistochemical subtypes of DLBCL NOS are distinguished, GCB and non-GCB. According to cell of origin, the DLBCL NOS is divided into GCB, ABC, and an unclassified (U) subtypes. In addition, DLBCL NOS includes MYC and BCL2 double-expressor lymphoma (DEL), which is not a unique biological entity, occurs in both GCB and non-GCB subtypes of DLBCL, and is associated with a worse prognosis. Over the past two decades, DLBCL NOS, which accounts for more than 80% of all cases, has been the subject of a growing number of molecular studies that have identified prognostic factors that are being actively introduced into real-world clinical practice. Since the turn of the century, the R-CHOP regimen has been considered the most frequent first line therapy approach for DLBCL NOS, achieving long-term remissions in 60–70% of patients. The worst outcomes when using R-CHOP are recorded in groups at high risk of progression according to the International Prognostic Index (IPI – 3–5), as well as in the presence of unfavorable molecular genetic characteristics of the tumor, such as DEL or ABC subtype of DLBCL NOS. These patient populations benefited the most from the inclusion of polatuzumab vedotin in the initial therapy regimen (Pola-R-CHP). This approach reduced the risk of progression and death in patients with high-risk DLBCL by 30%, reducing the need for second-line therapy by 34%, which can be considered a breakthrough in the last 20 years of searching for improving the "gold standard" of first-line therapy and potentially defining a new standard of therapy for primary patients with high-risk DLBCL.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Новообразование, которое мы называем диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфомой (ДВККЛ), состоит из множества различных по течению подтипов, которые не должны подвергаться единому стандартизованному лечению. Критически важным на этапе диагностики является выделение редких (5–10%), но крайне агрессивных вариантов – В-клеточных крупноклеточных лимфом высокой степени злокачес- твенности с двойной (DH) или тройной (TH) перестройкой генов <italic>MYC</italic> и <italic>BCL</italic><italic>2 </italic>и/или <italic>BCL</italic><italic>6</italic>, при которых должны применяться интенсивные программы химиоиммунотерапии. Основным и наиболее частым вариантом гетерогенной группы В-клеточных крупноклеточных лимфом, о котором пойдет речь в публикации, является ДВККЛ неспецифицированная (NOS). Согласно клеточному происхождению ДВККЛ NOS делится на подтип из В-клеток герминального/зародышевого центра (GCB) и активированных В-лимфоцитов (ABC), а также неклассифицированный (U) подтип. Иммуногистохимические алгоритмы позволяют разделить ДВККЛ NOS на подтипы GCB и non-GCB. Кроме того, в эту категорию входит лимфома с коэкспрессией MYC/BCL2 (double-expressor лимфома – DEL), которая не является уникальной биологической единицей и встречается как при подтипе GCB, так и non-GCB и ассоциируется с худшим прогнозом. За последние два десятилетия ДВККЛ NOS, на долю которой приходится более 80% всех случаев, стала объектом растущего числа молекулярных исследований, которые позволили идентифицировать прогностические факторы, активно внедряемые в реальную клиническую практику. С начала столетия наиболее частым подходом 1-й линии терапии ДВККЛ NOS считается режим R-CHOP, который позволяет достичь длительных ремиссий у 60–70% пациентов. Неудовлетворительная эффективность при использовании R-CHOP фиксируется в группах высокого риска раннего прогрессирования согласно Международному прогностическому индексу (IPI – 3–5), а также при неблагоприятных молекулярно-генетических характеристиках опухоли, например DEL или подтипе ABC ДВККЛ NOS. Именно эти популяции пациентов получили наибольшую выгоду от включения полатузумаба ведотина в режим инициальной терапии (схема Pola-R-CHP). Такой подход позволил снизить риск прогрессирования и смерти у пациентов с ДВККЛ высокого риска (IPI 3-5) на 30%, сократив на 34% потребность в назначении 2-й линии терапии, что можно считать прорывом последних 20 лет в поиске повышения эффективности «золотого стандарта» 1-й линии терапии и потенциального определения нового стандарта терапии первичных пациентов с ДВККЛ высокого риска раннего прогрессирования.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>DLBCL</kwd><kwd>diffuse large B-cell lymphoma</kwd><kwd>non-Hodgkin's lymphoma</kwd><kwd>R-CHOP</kwd><kwd>Pola-R-CHP</kwd><kwd>not otherwise specified lymphoma</kwd><kwd>DLBCL NOS</kwd><kwd>double-expressor lymphoma</kwd><kwd>DEL</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ДВККЛ</kwd><kwd>диффузная В-клеточная крупноклеточная лимфома</kwd><kwd>неходжкинская лимфома</kwd><kwd>R-CHOP</kwd><kwd>Pola-R-CHP</kwd><kwd>неспецифицированная лимфома</kwd><kwd>ДВККЛ NOS</kwd><kwd>коэкспрессия</kwd><kwd>DEL</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, et al. 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