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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современная онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-1434</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1815-1442</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">470888</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/18151434.2023.2.202255</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL ONCOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ОНКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pomalidomide in the management of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Помалидомид в терапии рецидивирующей/рефрактерной множественной миеломы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8129-8114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semochkin</surname><given-names>Sergej</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семочкин</surname><given-names>Сергей</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Professor of the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Radiation Therapy, Pediatric Faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, професcор, зав. группой высокодозной химиотерапии и трансплантации костного мозга, професcор кафедры онкологии, гематологии и лучевой терапии педиатрического фак-та</p></bio><email>kapelovich@hpmp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт имени П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-08-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>159</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-05-31"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/470888">https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/470888</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Pomalidomide is a third-generation immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) that has taken an important place in the management of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) including in patients with resistance to lenalidomide (R). Synergism of antitumor activity was obtained by combining pomalidomide with dexamethasone (Pd), proteasome inhibitors (PIs), and monoclonal antibodies directed against CD38 and SLAMF7 receptors. The dose-limiting toxicity of pomalidomide is neutropenia (48–60% grade ≥3 for a dose of 4 mg/day). Overcoming resistance to lenalidomide is seen as a key benefit of pomalidomide in the development of triplets that can be used in 2nd and subsequent lines of RRMM treatment. In OPTIMISMM study (phase III), 70% of patients were lenalidomide resistant. Randomization was performed on VPd (bortezomib-Pd) and Vd (bortezomib, dexamethasone) therapy. Vd as control was implemented in two related phases III trials ENDEAVOR (carfilzomib, dexamethasone) and CASTOR (daratumumab-Vd). For patients with resistance to lenalidomide, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9.5 mon for VPd in OPTIMISMM; 9.3 mon in CASTOR (resistant to R 21%) for DVd, and 9.3 mon in ENDEAVOR (21%) for Kd - 8.6 mon. The ICARIA-MM study (phase 3; resistance to R – 94%) demonstrated the benefit of incorporating isutaximab into the triplet (median PFS 11.1 and 5.9 mon for Isa-Pd and Pd respectively; p&lt;0.0001). Similar data were obtained in the ELOQUENT-3 study (phase II; resistance to R - 90%) for elotuzumab (10.3 and 4.7 mon for EPd and Pd respectively; p=0.008). In the APOLLO study (phase III; resistance - 80%), the efficacy of the triplet with daratumumab was confirmed (12.4 and 6.9 mon for DPd and Pd respectively; p = 0.0018). In the present review, the focus is on the consideration of treatment regimens that are of relevance to Russian clinical practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Помалидомид – иммуномодулирующий препарат (IMiD) третьей генерации, занявший прочное место в терапии рецидивирующей и/или рефрактерной множественной миеломы (РРММ), в том числе у пациентов с устойчивостью к леналидомиду (R). Синергизм противоопухолевого действия был получен при комбинировании помалидомида с дексаметазоном (схема Pd), ингибиторами протеасом (ИП) и моноклональными антителами, направленными против рецепторов CD38 и SLAMF7. Дозолимитирующей токсичностью помалидомида является нейтропения. Данные по фармакокинетике указывают на существование прямой корреляции между опухолевой нагрузкой и концентрации помалидомида в тканях. Преодоление резистентности к леналидомиду рассматривается в качестве ключевого преимущества помалидомида при разработке триплетов, которые можно использовать во 2-й и последующих линиях лечения РРММ. В исследовании 3-й фазы OPTIMISMM было 70% пациентов с устойчивостью к леналидомиду. Рандомизацию проводили на терапию VPd (бортезомиб-Pd) и Vd (бортезомиб, дексаметазон). Схема Vd в качестве контроля была реализована еще в двух близких исследованиях 3-й фазы ENDЕAVOR (карфилзомиб, дексаметазон) и CASTOR (даратумумаб-Vd). Применительно к выборке пациентов с резистентностью к леналидомиду медиана выживаемости без прогрессирования (ВБП) в исследовании OPTIMISMM для триплета VPd составила 9,5 мес, в CASTOR для DVd – 9,3 мес и в ENDEAVOR для Kd – 8,6 мес. В исследовании ICARIA-MM (фаза 3; резистентность к R – 94%) было доказано преимущество включения в триплет изутаксимаба (медиана ВБП – 11,1 мес для Isa-Pd и 5,9 мес для Pd; p &lt;0,0001). Близкие данные было получены в ходе проведения исследования ELOQUENT-3 (фаза 2; резистентность к R – 90%) другого моноклонального антитела элотузумаба (10,3 мес – EPd против 4,7 мес – Pd; p=0,008). В исследовании APOLLO (фаза 3; резистентность – 80%) была подтверждена эффективность триплета с даратумумабом (12,4 мес – DPd против 6,9 мес – Pd; p=0,0018). Акцент в данном литературном обзоре сделан на рассмотрении схем лечения, имеющих актуальное прикладное значение для клинической практики в России.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple myeloma</kwd><kwd>immunomodulatory drugs</kwd><kwd>lenalidomide</kwd><kwd>pomalidomide</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>множественная миелома</kwd><kwd>иммуномодулирующие препараты</kwd><kwd>леналидомид</kwd><kwd>помалидомид</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Бессмельцев С.С. Множественная миелома: диагностика и терапия (часть 2). Вестник гематологии. 2022;18(3):4-31 [Bessmeltsev SS. Multiple myeloma: diagnosis and therapy (part 2). Bulletin of Hematology. 2022;18(3):4-31 (in Russian)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Лучинин А.С., Семочкин С.В., Минаева Н.В., и др. 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