Journal of Modern OncologyJournal of Modern OncologyСовременная онкология1815-14341815-1442LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya3495610.26442/18151434.2020.2.200103ReviewОбзорReview ArticleBiobanks in oncology: global experience and Russian realityБиобанки в онкологии: мировой опыт и российская действительностьhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415KaprinAndrei D.КапринАндрей Дмитриевич
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Acad. RAS

акад. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., ген. дир

grivtsova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-6032IvanovSergei A.ИвановСергей Анатольевич
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.

д-р мед. наук, проф. РАН, дир.

grivtsova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-933XPetrovVladimir A.ПетровВладимир Александрович
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.)

д-р мед. наук, зав. научно-образовательным отд.

grivtsova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7186-8531DukhovaNatalia N.ДуховаНаталья Николаевна
Russian Federation

Res. Officer

науч. сотр. лаб. клинической иммунологии

grivtsova@mail.ruDvinskikhNina Iu.ДвинскихНина Юрьевна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук, зав. отд. морфологии

grivtsova@mail.ruFalaleevaNatalia A.ФалалееваНаталья Александровна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.)

д-р мед. наук, зав. отд-нием лекарственного лечения

grivtsova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-9688GrivtsovaLiudmila Iu.ГривцоваЛюдмила Юрьевна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Biol.)

д-р биол. наук, зав. отд. лабораторной медицины

grivtsova@mail.ruTsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological CentreМедицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Научный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России3006202022282880707202007072020Copyright ©; 2020, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2020, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2020Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/34956

One of the integral components of modern large-scale research projects in the field of medicine are biobanks. The main objective of this infrastructure is the professional collection of biological samples that can be studied with respect to a wide range of molecular biological parameters and will not lose their information value over a long storage period. These samples are made informative not only by correctly conducted preanalytical preparation at the stage of taking samples and placing them in storage, but also by detailed information support (the so-called annotated samples). The sample annotation is the fully collected personal, clinical and laboratory data about a patient. An important point of the biobank infrastructure is compliance with regulatory legal acts and ethical standards, including the procedure for signing an informed consent by a patient about voluntary donation of biological samples and the use of personal data. All this ensures the implementation of the main objective of creating biobanks – the wide and uninterrupted availability of collections of biological material for researchers and developers and compliance with specific scientific tasks. This review is devoted to biobanking issues, as well as to the description and analysis of the currently existing oncological biobank infrastructure, both globally and within the Russian Federation.

Одним из неотъемлемых компонентов современных масштабных исследовательских проектов в области медицины являются биобанки. Основная задача данной инфраструктуры – это профессиональный сбор биологических образцов, которые могут быть изучены в отношении широкого спектра молекулярно-биологических параметров и не потеряют своей информативности в течение длительного срока хранения. Информативными данные образцы делает не только правильно проведенная преаналитическая подготовка на этапе забора проб и их размещения в хранилища, но подробное информационное сопровождение (так называемое аннотированние образцов). Аннотация образца – это максимально полно собранные персональные, клинические и лабораторные данные о пациенте. Важным моментом инфраструктуры биобанка является соблюдение нормативно-правовых актов и этических норм, в том числе – процедуры подписания информированного согласия пациентом о добровольной дотации биологических образцов и использовании персональных данных. Все это обеспечивает осуществление основной цели создания биобанков – широкую и бесперебойную доступность коллекций биологического материала для исследователей и разработчиков и соответствие конкретным научным задачам. Данный обзор посвящен проблематике биобанкирования, а также описанию и анализу существующей на данный момент инфраструктуры биобанков онкологической направленности как на мировом уровне, так и в Российской Федерации.

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