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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современная онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-1434</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1815-1442</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">27155</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Principles of diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with retroperitoneal schwannomas</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности диагностики и хирургического лечения больных забрюшинными шванномами (обзор литературы)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bugaev</surname><given-names>V E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бугаев</surname><given-names>Владислав Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант хирургического отд-ния №6 абдоминальной онкологии торакоабдоминального отд. НИИ клинической онкологии</p></bio><email>vladbugaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikulin</surname><given-names>M P</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никулин</surname><given-names>Максим Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. хирургического отд-ния №6 абдоминальной онкологии торакоабдоминального отд. НИИ клинической онкологии</p></bio><email>maximpetrovich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melikov</surname><given-names>S A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меликов</surname><given-names>Солтан Анверович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. хирургического отд-ния №6 абдоминальной онкологии торакоабдоминального отд. НИИ клинической онкологии</p></bio><email>soltan72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N.Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н.Блохина»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 19, NO4 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 19, №4 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-09"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/27155">https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/27155</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Schwannomas are rare tumors that arise from well-differentiated schwannoma cells of peripheral nerve sheaths. Schwannomas are usually benign tumors. However, malignant form of schwannomas may occur, which is associated with high recurrence rate and unfavorable long-term prognosis. Retroperitoneal localization of schwannomas is rare. With a little data available it is difficult to develop a unified approach for preoperative evaluation, surgical treatment and follow-up of patients with retroperitoneal schwannomas. Assessment of malignant potential of tumor before resection is challenging while immunohistochemical analysis of resected specimen allows to clearly define histological type and malignant grade of tumor. Complete resection of retroperitoneal schwannoma is the only treatment option that may provide acceptable long-term results. As most of the retroperitoneal schwannomas are localized in an anatomical complex area there is high risk of combined resection and massive intraoperative blood loss. Choice of optimal operative approach, necessity of sacral and nerve resection depending on the degree of disease extent remains the matter of debates. Benign retroperitoneal schwannomas have favourable prognosis for long-term survival while malignant tumors are associated with high recurrence rate.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Шванномы являются опухолями, исходящими из шванновских клеток оболочек периферических нервов. В большинстве случаев шванномы представляют собой доброкачественную опухоль, однако встречаются и злокачественные формы. Забрюшинная локализация является редкой формой шванномы. Низкая частота встречаемости забрюшинных шванном затрудняет выработку единых подходов диагностики, хирургического лечения и дальнейшего наблюдения этой группы больных. На предоперационном этапе определение злокачественного потенциала опухоли представляет сложности. Проведение иммуногистохимического исследования удаленной опухоли позволяет точно дифференцировать ее гистогенез и определить степень злокачественности. Радикальное хирургическое вмешательство является единственным методом лечения, позволяющим добиться оптимальных отдаленных результатов. Особенности анатомического расположения тазовых шванном обусловливают высокую частоту комбинированных резекций, а также значительные риски интраоперационной кровопотери. В зависимости от распространенности опухолевого процесса при тазовой локализации дискутабельными остаются выбор оптимального оперативного доступа, необходимость в резекции крестца и нервов. При доброкачественной шванноме прогноз отдаленной выживаемости благоприятный, в то время как при злокачественной форме отмечается высокая частота рецидивов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retroperitoneal schwannoma</kwd><kwd>pelvic schwannoma</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>забрюшинная шваннома</kwd><kwd>тазовая шваннома</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Стилиди И.С., Абгарян М.Г., Калинин А.Е. и др. Хирургическое лечение больной интраабдоминальной злокачественной шванномой. Хирургия. Журн. им. Н.И.Пирогова. 2017; 9: 91-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Knight D, Birch R, Pringle J. Benign solitary schwannomas: A Review of 234 Cases. J Bone Joint Surg 2007; 89-B (3): 382-7. 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