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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Modern Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современная онкология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-1434</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1815-1442</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">109631</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/18151434.2022.3.201832</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL ONCOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ОНКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Classification of breast cancer subtypes based on RNA profiling and immunohistochemical methods: clinical and biological aspects: A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Классификация подтипов рака молочной железы на основе РНК-профилирования и иммуногистохимических методов: клинические и биологические нюансы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4529-7891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Imyanitov</surname><given-names>Evgeny N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имянитов</surname><given-names>Евгений Наумович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corr. Memb. RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>чл.-кор. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., рук. отд. биологии опухолевого роста, зав. каф. общей и молекулярной медицинской генетики</p></bio><email>evgeny@imyanitov.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Petrov National Medicine Research Center of Oncology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-11-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>351</fpage><lpage>354</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-08-05"><day>05</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/109631">https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/109631</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Transcriptome analysis provided a tool to identify expression subtypes of breast cancer (BC). A significant part of BCs are carcinomas that differ in the expression of luminal mammary ductal epithelium markers and estrogen signaling cascade genes (luminal subtypes A and B). Another group of BCs is characterized by the expression of ductal basal lining genes. Another subtype of BC has genes typically expressed in HER2-induced tumors. Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination is reliable in identifying the tumor subtype. Tumors with high IHC-expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors with no signs of <italic>HER2 </italic>gene activation and low proliferative activity should be referred to as luminal type A. The absence of ER, PR, and HER2 expression should be considered a sign of basal tumor subtype. However, the IHC classification cannot reliably distinguish HER2-positive tumors and HER2-enriched subtypes, which do not reflect the biological features of some BCs. For instance, a significant number of ER-positive breast cancer patients included in the MONALEESA ribociclib clinical study had HER2-subtype transcriptional signatures in the absence of HER2 receptor expression, and these were the ones who demonstrated a pronounced response to treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Использование транскриптомного анализа позволило выявить экспрессионные подтипы рака молочной железы (РМЖ). Значительную часть РМЖ составляют карциномы, которые отличаются экспрессией маркеров люминального эпителия протоков молочной железы и генов сигнального каскада эстрогенов (люминальные подтипы А и Б). Другая группа РМЖ характеризуется экспрессией генов базальной выстилки протоков. Еще один подтип РМЖ обогащен генами, экспрессия которых типична для HER2-индуцированных опухолей. Зачастую иммуногистохимическое (ИГХ) исследование достаточно достоверно отражает подтип опухоли. Опухоли с высокими индексами ИГХ-экспрессии рецепторов эстрогенов (ER) и прогестерона (PR), отличающиеся отсутствием признаков активации гена <italic>HER2 </italic>и невысокой пролиферативной активностью, рекомендовано относить к люминальному типу А. Отсутствие экспрессии ER, PR и HER2 предлагается расценивать как признак базального подтипа опухоли. В то же время ИГХ-классификация практически отождествляет HER2-позитивные опухоли и HER2-обогащенный подтип, что не отражает биологические особенности некоторых РМЖ. Например, значительное количество ER-позитивных РМЖ, включенных в клиническое исследование рибоциклиба MONALEESA, имели транскрипционные признаки HER2-подтипа в отсутствие экспрессии рецептора HER2, и именно они демонстрировали выраженный ответ на лечение.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>tumor classification</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd><kwd>классификация опухолей</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Loibl S, Poortmans P, Morrow M, et al. Breast cancer. Lancet. 2021;397(10286):1750-69. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32381-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Olivotto IA, Truong PT, Speers CH, et al. Time to stop progesterone receptor testing in breast cancer management. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22(9):1769-70. 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