Journal of Modern OncologyJournal of Modern OncologyСовременная онкология1815-14341815-1442LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya10909410.26442/18151434.2022.4.201786CLINICAL ONCOLOGYКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ОНКОЛОГИЯReview ArticleThe NETosis phenomena as a functional features of peripheral blood neutrophils and its role in the pathogenesis of infections and oncological diseases: A reviewФеномен НЕТоза как функциональная особенность нейтрофилов периферической крови и его возможная роль в патогенезе инфекционных и онкологических заболеванийhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4122-156910694496093-0578GlukharevaAnastasia E.ГлухареваАнастасия Евгеньевна
Russian Federation

Clinical Resident

клин. ординатор, лаборант исследователь

gluharevaa78@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7128-2397896307О-3150-20179039-6110AfoninGrigory V.АфонинГригорий Владиславович
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отд-ния лучевого и хирургического лечения заболеваний торакальной области

Dr.G.Afonin@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-281311183494197-1929MelnikovaAngelika A.МельниковаАнжелика Александровна
Russian Federation

Res. Officer

науч. сотр. отд-ния клин. иммунологии

angelik_melnikova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-96885838944423-6844GrivtsovaLyudmila Yu.ГривцоваЛюдмила Юрьевна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Biol.)

д-р биол. наук, зав. отд-нием клин. иммунологии

grivtsova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3573-69968780911382-5529KolobaevIlya V.КолобаевИлья Владимирович
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук, зав. отд-нием лучевого и хирургического лечения заболеваний торакальной области

kolobaeviv@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-603216070399200N-8221-20174264-5167IvanovSergei A.ИвановСергей Анатольевич
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof. RAS

проф. РАН, д-р мед. наук, дир.

gluharevaa78@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415967751759-8101KaprinAndrei D.КапринАндрей Дмитриевич
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Acad. RAS

акад. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., ген. дир., зав. каф. урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии медицинского института

gluharevaa78@gmail.comTsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological CenterМедицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Radiological CenterФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава РоссииPeople’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»1512202224448749307072022Copyright ©; 2022, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2022, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2022Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/109094

The review is devoted to the analysis of the mechanism of NETosis and the formation of extracellular traps by neutrophils. Neutrophil traps are DNA strands, histones and proteins that are involved in autoimmune diseases, COVID-19, as well as in the pathogenesis of other non-communicable diseases. Based on the literature data, the role of NETosis in the development oncological diseases is analyzed. Two types of neutrophils have been characterized: low-density neutrophils and high-density neutrophils. In particular, the significance of this phenomenon in the progression and metastasis of the cancer. A detailed study of this issue will be useful both from a fundamental standpoint regarding the disclosure of the mechanisms of the metastatic cascade, and from a practical point of view for the development of new immunotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of metastatic tumors.

В обзоре рассматривается особый механизм противоинфекционной защиты нейтрофилов – НЕТоз, заключающийся в формировании нейтрофильных внеклеточных ловушек (НВЛ), представляющих собой нити ДНК, гистоны и белки. Описывается роль НВЛ в аутоиммунных заболеваниях, COVID-19, а также в патогенезе других неинфекционных заболеваний. На основании данных литературы проанализированы роль НВЛ в развитии и течении онкологических заболеваний и значимость данного феномена в отношении метастазирования и прогрессии опухолевого процесса. Охарактеризованы два типа нейтрофилов: нейтрофилы низкой плотности и нейтрофилы высокой плотности. Детальное изучение данного вопроса будет полезным как с фундаментальных позиций в первую очередь для детализации механизмов метастатического каскада опухолей, так и с практической точки зрения для разработки новых иммунотерапевтических подходов в отношении метастатических опухолей.

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