Journal of Modern OncologyJournal of Modern OncologyСовременная онкология1815-14341815-1442LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya10500310.26442/18151434.2022.3.201813CLINICAL ONCOLOGYКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ОНКОЛОГИЯReview ArticleThe mechanism of action of different generations of EGFR-inhibitors in malignant lung tumors. Literature review and data synthesisМеханизм работы разных поколений ингибиторов EGFR при злокачественных опухолях легких. Обзор литературы и обобщение данныхhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8340-7962NasretdinovAinur F.НасретдиновАйнур Фанутович
Russian Federation

oncologist

врач-онколог амбулаторного отд-ния противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии

rkodrb@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3734-2779MenshikovKonstantin V.МеньшиковКонстантин Викторович
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. онкологии с курсами онкологии и патологической анатомии Института дополнительного профессионального образования, врач-онколог отд. химиотерапии

kmenshikov80@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0996-5995SultanbaevAlexander V.СултанбаевАлександр Валерьевич
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук, зав. отд. противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии

rkodrb@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1185-977XMusinShamil I.МусинШамиль Исмагилович
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук, зав. хирургическим отд-нием №6, доц. каф. онкологии с курсами онкологии и патологической анатомии Института дополнительного профессионального образования

musin_shamil@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5926-0446SultanbaevaNadezda I.СултанбаеваНадежда Ивановна
Russian Federation

oncologist

врач-онколог отд-ния противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии

nd.sultan@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8665-8895Men'shikovaIrina A.МеньшиковаИрина Асхатовна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof.

канд. мед. наук, доц., доц. каф. биологической химии

i-menshikova@bk.ruRepublican Clinical Oncological DispensaryГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер» Минздрава Республики БашкортостанBashkir State Medical UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России2511202224334034416032022Copyright ©; 2022, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2022, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2022Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://modernonco.orscience.ru/1815-1434/article/view/105003

Knowledge of the molecular characteristics of the progression of non-small cell lung tumors currently provides the patient with the best treatment options. One of the most well-known and studied genetic abnormalities is a mutation in the EGFR gene, which makes the tumor sensitive to therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In the conditions of the existence of several therapeutic options at once, it is required to know not only the results of clinical trials, but also the fundamental features of the mechanisms of action of a particular drug. The article contains a literature review, presenting the features of the functioning of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), the mechanisms of action of EGFR inhibitors of different generations (erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, osimertinib), generalization and analysis of the main differences between them.

Знание молекулярно-генетических особенностей прогрессии немелкоклеточной опухоли легкого в настоящее время позволяет обеспечить пациента лучшими вариантами лечения. Одним из самых известных и изученных генетических отклонений является мутация в гене EGFR, делающая опухоль чувствительной к терапии ингибиторами тирозинкиназ. В условиях существования сразу нескольких терапевтических опций требуются знания не только результатов клинических исследований, но и фундаментальных особенностей механизмов действия того или иного препарата. В статье представлен обзор литературы, анализирующий особенности функционирования EGFR (рецептор эпидермального фактора роста), механизмы действия ингибиторов EGFR различных поколений (эрлотиниб, гефитиниб, афатиниб, осимертиниб), обобщение и анализ основных различий между ними.

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