Assessment of the carbon footprint of sectors of the Russian economy and measures for industrial decarbonization

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Resumo

Climate change poses significant threats to the Russian economy. In this context, it is essential to develop a comprehensive set of measures for mitigating and adapting to climate challenges. The European Union’s Carbon Border Mechanism (CBAM) which is set to take effect in 2026, as well as the potential implementation of similar mechanisms by other countries, pose challenges for carbon-intensive industries. The development of a national system for assessing the carbon footprint, including both direct and indirect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and mechanisms for minimizing these emissions at both sectoral and corporate levels is of critical importance for Russia. This study evaluates the total gross GHG emissions and total GHG emissions per unit of production in eight sectors of the Russian economy using an input–output balance model. Furthermore, it analyzes decarbonization tools employed by major Russian industrial companies, which are leading producers and exporters of carbon-intensive products. Recommendations are provided to improve the mechanisms for low-carbon development of the Russian industries. It is revealed that the energy and mining sectors, as well as manufacturing industries (particularly metallurgy, chemical industry and mineral materials manufacturing) are characterized by high total gross GHG emissions and high total emissions per unit of production. A practical conclusion is the importance of aligning carbon regulation with “smart” “green” industrial policy measures. Such policies should account for cross-sectoral effects and strategically influence production and supply chains to maximize efficiency in reducing emissions with minimal costs. Additionally, these measures should contribute to achieving broader positive socio-economic outcomes.

Sobre autores

E. Yakovleva

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Economic Faculty

Email: e. u.yakovleva@gmail.com
Moscow, Russia

A. Baraboshkina

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Economic Faculty

Email: baraboshkina-a@yandex.ru
Moscow, Russia

O. Kudryavtseva

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Economic Faculty

Email: olgakud@mail.ru
Moscow, Russia

A. Kurdin

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Economic Faculty

Email: aakurdin@gmail.com
Moscow, Russia

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