Designing a device for determining the resistance of roofing materials to impact of hail

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The territory of the Russian Federation can be divided into areas characterized by varying degrees of hail hazard. Most of them are occupied by territories with a low degree of hail hazard. The southern territories of Russia are located in an elevated hail fallout zone and are an important part of the country’s economy. Roofs and facades of buildings and structures also fall under the influence of hail, which leads them to an inoperable and emergency condition. Facade panels, light openings, roofing, drains, ventilation shafts, parapets fall under the blows of hail. GOST R 57414–2017 “Roofing and waterproofing flexible bitumen-containing and polymer materials (thermoplastic and elastomeric)” describes a method for determining resistance to impact of hail. In accordance with it, an installation for testing roofing materials was prepared. The work of a pneumatic device simulating hail, which will later be called a “HAIL CANNON”, has been studied.

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作者简介

A. Kashurkin

Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of RAACS; National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: leontiii@mail.ru

Head of Laboratory

俄罗斯联邦, 21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238; 26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337

E. Plyusnina

Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of RAACS

Email: pluskott@yandex.ru

Engineer

俄罗斯联邦, 21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238

I. Melnikova

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering

Email: melnickova.d2014@ya.ru

Bachelor

俄罗斯联邦, 26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337

参考

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  2. Huseynov J.S., Guliyev Z.G., Ibragimova I.T. Characteristics of hail processes on the northeastern slope of the Lesser Caucasus. Hydrometeorologicheskiel issledovaniya i prognozy. 2023. No. 3 (389), pp. 165–174. (In Russian). EDN: VOEPIR
  3. Liev K.B., Kushchev S.A. Hail processes of various types in the central part of the North Caucasus. Izvestiya of higher educational institutions. North Caucasus region. Natural Sciences. 2023. No. 4 (220), pp. 103–109. (In Russian). EDN: LMSMYF
  4. Podrezov Yu.V. Features of the occurrence and development of emergency situations caused by heavy rainfall in the summer on the territory of the Russian Federation. Problemy bezopasnosti I chrezvychainyh situatsiy. 2019. No. 5, pp. 81–88. (In Russian). EDN: QKJTXN
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1. JATS XML
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2. Fig. 1. Types of hail

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3. Fig. 2. The scheme of hail formation

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4. Fig. 3. Map of the hail hazard of the territory of Russia

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5. Fig. 4. Hail Shapes: a – spherical shape of hail with a diameter of 2–5 cm; b – spherical shape of hail with a diameter of 2–3 cm; c – spherical, oval shape of hail with thorny processes with a diameter of 5–8 cm; d – spherical, oval and conical shape of hail with a diameter of 1–2.5 cm; e – spherical shape of hail with a diameter of 2–3 cm. The photos are taken from open sources and do not violate the rights of third parties

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6. Fig. 5. Rigid substrate: 1 – test sample; 2 – guide pin; 3 – pressure steel plate; 4 – sandpaper; 5 – support steel plate

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7. Fig. 6. Soft substrate: 1 – test sample; 2 – guide pin; 3 – pressure steel plate; 4 – styrofoam plate; 5 – support steel plate

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8. Fig. 7. Test equipment: 1 – light beam; 2 – ime measuring device; 3 – test sample; 4 – steel plate

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9. Fig. 8. The scheme of the hail cannon: 1 – air compressor, 8 atm; 2 – adjustable gas reducer; 3 – pneumatic hose; 4 – intermediate air chamber; 5 – pressure gauge; 6 – pneumatic valve; 7 – 40 mm caliber pipe; 8 – photocell; 9 – time interval measuring device; 10 – substrate; 11 – test sample

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10. Fig. 1. Table 1

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11. Fig. 2. Table 1

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