NEW AND RARE FUNGI ON ALIEN WOODY PLANTS IN SVERDLOVSK REGION (THE MIDDLE URALS, RUSSIA)

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Abstract

A groundbreaking study has documented 28 species of phytopathogenic and saprobic fungi, belonging to Ascomycota and Basidiomycota divisions, on alien trees and shrubs in Sverdlovsk Region for the first time. In addition, 14 rare species – each with only two to four previous sightings in the region – were identified. Notably, four species – Cheirospora botryospora, Homortomyces tamaricis, Lophomerum rhododendri, and Pyrenopeziza lonicerae – were recorded in Russia for the first time. The surveyed fungi were found growing on 34 woody plant species, 27 of which occur outdoors while the remaining seven are restricted to greenhouse environments. The study also sheds light on dangerous invasive phytopathogenic fungi in the region, including Biscogniauxia mediterranea and Entoleuca mammata. Additionally, the invasive species Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, recently discovered in Sverdlovsk Region, has been recorded at a new site. The ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 sequence of H. fraxineus collected at this location corresponds to the standard East Asian sequence variant. This suggests that local populations of H. fraxineus in Sverdlovsk Region may not originate from Europe but rather from East Asia.

About the authors

O. S. Shiryaeva

Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: olga.s.shiryaeva@gmail.com
620144 Ekaterinburg, Russia

T. A. Surina

All-Russian Plant Quarantine Centre

Email: t.a.surina@yandex.ru
140150 Bykovo, Russia

I. V. Zmitrovich

Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: iv_zmitrovich@mail.ru
197022 St. Petersburg, Russia

A. S. Budimirov

Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: budimirov.alex@gmail.com
620144 Ekaterinburg, Russia

T. S. Bulgakov

Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ascomycologist@yandex.ru
354002 Sochi, Russia

L. V. Zaitseva

All-Russian Plant Quarantine Centre

Email: lidiya.zaitzeva26@yandex.ru
140150 Bykovo, Russia

A. G. Shiryaev

Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: anton.g.shiryaev@gmail.com
620144 Ekaterinburg, Russia

References

  1. Beenken L., Senn-Irlet B. Neomyceten in der Schweiz. Stand des Wissens und Abschätzung des Schadpotentials der mit Pflanzen assoziierten gebietsfremden Pilze. WSL Berichte 50. Birmensdorf: Eidg. Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft WSL. 2016.
  2. Blagoveshchenskaya E.Yu. Phytopathogenic micromycetes: educational key-book. Moscow, 2015. (In Russ.).
  3. Böhm J.W., Zübert C., Kahlenberg G. et al. Load of the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus differs in soil. J. Plant Diseases Protect. 2024. V. 131. P. 1399–1410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00970-6
  4. Bouckaert R., Heled J., Kühnert D. et al. BEAST 2: A Software Platform for Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis. PLOS Computational Biol. 2014. V. 10 (4). Art. e1003537. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003537
  5. Braun U. A monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and allied genera (phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes). V. 2. IHW-Verlag, Eching bei Munchen, 1998.
  6. Braun U., Cook R.T.A. Taxonomic manual of the Erysiphales (powdery mildews). CBS Biodiversity series. V. 11. APS Press, Utrecht, 2012.
  7. Braun U., Melnik V.A. Cercosporoid fungi from Russia and adjacent countries. Proceedings of the Komarov Botanical Institute. V. 20. Russian Academy of Sciences, SPb., 1997.
  8. Bulgakov T.S., Shiryaev A.G. New finds of phyllotrophic plant pathogenic microfungi in Ekaterinburg city and its suburbs. Mikologia i fitopatologiya. 2021. V. 55 (6). P. 405–410. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0026364821060064
  9. Bulgakov T.S., Shiryaev A.G. Powdery mildews (Erysiphaceae) on woody plants in urban habitats of Sverdlovsk Region (Russia). Mikologia i fitopatologiya. 2022. V. 56 (5). P. 323–331. https://doi.org/10.31857/S002636482205004x
  10. Bulgakov T.S., Vasilyev N.P., Zmitrovich I.V. Summarizing of 10-years investigation on mycobiota of alien trees and shrubs in arboretum of the Otradnoye Research Station of the Komarov Botanical Institute // Botany: history, theory, practice (on the 300th anniversary of the founding of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences): Proceedings of the international scientific conference / Ed. D. V. Geltman. LETI, SPb., 2014, pp. 31–39. (In Russ.).
  11. Butin H. Krankheiten der Wald- und Parkbaume: Diagnose, Biologie, Bekampfung. Stuttgart etc., 1989.
  12. Costa D., Ramos V., Tavares R.M. et al. Phylogenetic analysis and genetic diversity of the xylariaceous ascomycete Biscogniauxia mediterranea from cork oak forests in different bioclimates. Scientific Reports. 2022. V. 12 (1). P. 2646. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06303-7
  13. Crous P.W., Wingfield M.J., Schumacher R.K. et al. New and Interesting Fungi. 3. Fungal Systematics and Evolution. 2020. V. 6. P. 157–231. https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2020.06.09
  14. Demidova Z.A. On smut fungi of the Urals. Proc. IPAE. 1970. V. 70. P. 53–60. (In Russ.).
  15. Demidova Z.A. Overview of diseases of cultivated and wild plants in Ural Oblast. Bull. Uraloblzu. 1925. V. 10. P. 9–20. (In Russ.).
  16. Drenkhan R., Solheim H., Bogacheva A. et al. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is a leaf pathogen of local Fraxinus species in the Russian Far East. Plant Pathol. 2017. V. 66. P. 490–500.
  17. Edgar R.C. MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acid Res. 2004. V. 32(5). P. 1792–1797. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340
  18. Ellis M.B., Ellis J.P. Microfungi on land plants: an identification handbook. New enlarged edition. Richmond P.C., Slough, 1997.
  19. Farr D.F., Rossman A.Y. Fungal Databases, U.S. National Fungus Collections, ARS, USDA. 2024.
  20. Gross A., Han J.G. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus and two new Hymenoscyphus species identified in Korea. Mycol. Progress. 2015. V. 14. Art. 19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-015-1035-1
  21. Gross A., Hosoya T., Zhao Y.J. et al. Baral Hymenoscyphus linearis sp. nov: another close relative of the ash dieback pathogen H. fraxineus. Mycol. Progress. 2015. V. 14. Art. 20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-015-1041
  22. Han J.G., Shrestha B., Hosoya T. et al. First report of the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in Korea. Mycobiology. 2014. V. 42 (4). P. 391–396.
  23. Hyde K.D., Chaiwan N., Norphanphoun C. et al. Mycosphere notes 169–224. Mycosphere. 2018. V. 9 (2). P. 271–430. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/9/2/8
  24. Index Fungorum. CABI Bioscience, 2025. http://www.indexfungorum.org. Accessed 25.02.2025.
  25. Ioos R., Kowalski T., Husson C. et al. Rapid in planta detection of Chalara fraxinea by a real-time PCR assay using a dual-labelled probe. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 2009. V. 125. P. 329–335.
  26. Ju Y.-M., Rogers J.D., San Martin F. et al. The genus Biscogniauxia. Mycotaxon. 1998. V. 66. P. 1–98. https://doi.org/10.5555/19981005332
  27. Karatygin I.V. Key-book to fungi of Russia. The orders Taphrinales, Protomycetales, Exobasidiales, Microstromatales. Nauka, SPb., 2002. (In Russ.).
  28. Kasanen R., Hantula J., Ostry M. et al. North American populations of Entoleuca mammata are genetically more variable than populations in Europe. Mycol. Res. 2004. V. 108 (7). P. 766–774. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0953756204000334
  29. Kazemzadeh C.M., Mohammadi H., Sohrabi M. Occurrence and pathogenicity of Jattaea algeriensis (Calosphaeriales, Calosphaeriaceae) and Biscogniauxia medierranea on forest trees in Guilan Province (Iran). J. Phytopathol. 2021. V. 169. P. 129–138. https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.12967
  30. Knudsen H., Vesterholt J. Funga Nordica. Agaricoid, boletoid, clavarioid, cyphelloid and gastroid genera. Nordsvamp, Copenhagen, 2012.
  31. Koukol O., Haňáčková Z., Dvořák M. et al. Unseen, but still present in Czechia: Hymenoscyphus albidus detected by real-time PCR, but not by intensive sampling. Mycol. Progress. 2016. V. 15. Art. 6.
  32. Kowalski T., Bilański P. Hymenoscyphus pusillus, a new species on leaves of Fraxinus pennsylvanica in Poland. Forest Pathol. 2019. V. 49 (1). e12481.
  33. Kowalski T., Holdenrieder O. The Teleomorph of Chalara fraxinea, the causal agent of ash dieback. Forest Pathol. 2009. Vol. 39 (5). P. 304–308.
  34. Kumar S., Stecher G., Li M. et al. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2018. Vol. 35. P. 1547-1549
  35. Kuprevich V.F., Ulyanishchev V.I. Keys to rust fungi of the USSR. Part 1. Family Melampsoraceae and some Pucciniaceae species. Nauka i tekhnologiya, Minsk, 1975. (In Russ.).
  36. Kuzmichev E.P., Sokolova E.S., Kulikova E.G. Common fungal diseases of Russian forests. Washington, D.C., U.S. Dep. of Agriculture, 2001. P. 60.
  37. Mamaev S.A. Keys to the trees and shrubs of the Urals. Native and alien species. UrB RAS, Ekaterinburg, 2000. (In Russ.).
  38. Mukhin V.A., Tretyakova A.S., Pryadein et al. Plants and fungi of the National Park “Pripishminsky Bory.” Izdatelstvo Uralskogo universiteta, Ekaterinburg, 2003. (In Russ.).
  39. Musolin D.L., Selikhovkin A.V., Shabunin D.A. et al. Between ash dieback and emerald ash borer: two Asian invaders in Russia and the future of ash in Europe. Baltic Forestry. 2017. V. 23 (1). P. 316–333.
  40. Naumov N.A. Fungi of the Urals. Notes of UOLE. 1915. V. 35. P. 1–53. (In Russ.).
  41. Ostry M.E. Hypoxylon canker. In: Infectious forest diseases. CABI, Wallingford, 2013, pp. 407–419.
  42. Ostry M.E., Anderson N.A. Genetics and ecology of the Entoleuca mammata – Populus pathosystem: Implications for aspen improvement and management. Forest Ecology and Management. 2009. V. 257 (2). P. 390–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.09.053
  43. Pacia A., Borowik P., Hsiang T. et al. Ash dieback in forests and rural areas – history and predictions. Forests. 2023. V. 14 (11). Art. 2151. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14112151
  44. POWO, 2025. Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/. Accessed 29.06.2025.
  45. Rabitsch W., Nehring S. (Hrsg.) Naturschutzfachliche Invasivitäts-bewertungen für in Deutschland wild lebende gebietsfremde terrestrische Moose, Flechten und Pilze. BfN-Skripten 603. Bonn, 2021.
  46. Ragazzi A., Ginetti B., Moricca S. First Report of Biscogniauxia mediterranea on English Ash in Italy. Disease Notes. 2012. V. 96 (11). P. 1694. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-12-0442-pdn
  47. Ranjana R., Basu M.B. Biscogniauxia mediterrannea – a wood rotting pathogen. J. Mycopathol. Research. 2012. V. 50 (2). P. 337–339 https://doi.org/10.5555/20133097838
  48. Ryvarden L., Melo I. Poroid fungi of Europe. Synopsis Fungorum. 2014. V. 31. P. 1–455.
  49. Schoebel C.N., Zoller S., Rigling D. Detection and genetic characterisation of a novel mycovirus in Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, the causal agent of ash dieback. Infect Genet Evol. 2014. V. 28. P. 78–86.
  50. Senwanna C., Wanasinghe D.N., Bulgakov T.S. et al. Towards a natural classification of Dothidotthia and Thyrostroma in Dothidotthiaceae (Pleosporineae, Pleosporales). Mycosphere. 2019. V. 10 (1). P. 701–738. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/15
  51. Shiryaev A.G. Changes in mycobiota of Ural-and-Siberian region under global warming and anthropogenic impact. Bulletin of Ecology, Forest and Landscape Sciences. 2009. N 9. P. 37–47. (In Russ.).
  52. Shiryaev A.G., Kotiranta H., Mukhin V.A. et al. Aphyllophoroid fungi of Sverdlovsk Region (Russia). Biodiversity, distribution, ecology and the IUCN threat categories. Goschitsky Publ., Ekaterinburg, 2010.
  53. Shiryaev A.G., Stavishenko I.V. New and rare for Sverdlovsk Region species of basidiomycetes. Mikologiya i fitopatologiya. 2011. V. 45 (4). P. 345–349. (In Russ.).
  54. Shiryaev A.G., Zmitrovich I.V., Shiryaeva O.S. Species richness of Agaricomycetes on hedge vines in Ekaterinburg City (Russia). Mikologiya i fitopatologiya. 2021. V. 55 (5). P. 340–352. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0026364821050093
  55. Shiryaev A.G., Zmitrovich I.V., Bulgakov T.S. et al. Global warming favors the development of a rich and heterogeneous mycobiota on alien vines in a boreal city under continental climate. Forests. 2022a. V. 13 (2). Art. 323. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13020323
  56. Shiryaev A.G., Zmitrovich I.V., Shiryaeva O.S. New and rare Agaricomycetes species on woody alien plants in Ekaterinburg City (Russia). Mikologiya i fitopatologiya. 2022b. V. 56 (5). P. 350–356. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0026364822050105
  57. Shiryaev A.G., Zmitrovich I.V., Zhao P. et al. Fungal diversity of native and alien woody leguminous Plants in the Middle Urals. Contemporary Problems of Ecology. 2023a. V. 16 (4). P. 403–425. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425523040091
  58. Shiryaev A.G., Kiseleva O.A. Greenway planning in Ekaterinburg City: Unaccounted phytopathological problems of the urban strategy project. Contemporary Problems of Ecology. 2023. V. 16 (4). P. 509–527. https://doi.org/10.1134/S199542552304008x
  59. Shiryaev A.G., Zmitrovich I.V., Senator S.A. et al. How poor is aphyllophoroid fungi diversity in the boreal urban greenhouses of Eastern Europe? J. Fungi. 2023b. V. 9 (11). Art. 1116. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9111116
  60. Shiryaev A.G., Bulgakov T.S., Zmitrovich I.V. et al. New species of fungi for Sverdlovsk region (The Middle Urals, Russia) on alien and aborigine woody plants. Mikologiya i fitopatologiya. 2023c. V. 57 (6). P. 417–424. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0026364823060107
  61. Shiryaev A.G., Bulgakov T.S., Shiryaeva O.S. et al. Further additions to mycobiota of alien and native woody plants in Sverdlovsk region (Russia, Middle Ural). Mikologiya i fitopatologiya. 2024. V. 58 (4). P. 294–302. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0026364824040035
  62. Spaulding P. Foreign Diseases of Forest Trees of the World. U.S.D.A. Agric. Handbook. V. 197. Wanshington, D.C., U.S. Dep. of Agriculture, 1961. 361 p.
  63. Stepanova-Kartavenko N.T. Aphyllophoroid Fungi of the Urals. Sverdlovsk, UFAS USSR, 1967. 295 p. (In Russ.)
  64. Stepanova N.T., Sirko A.V. Flora of ascomycetes and imperfect fungi of the Urals. In: Spore plants of the Urals: Proc. Inst. Ecol. Plant and Animals. Iss. 70. Sverdlovsk, UF AS USSR, 1970, pp. 3–52. (In Russ.).
  65. Syuzev P.V. Materials on the mycological flora of the Perm region. Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou. 1898. V. 12. P. 320–328. [In Russ.; Latin pt “Enumeratio fungorum, quos in provincia Permensi (in Ural) P. Süsew legit”].
  66. Syuzev P.V. Fungal parasites causing diseases to cultural and useful plants in the Perm region. Materialy po izucheniyu Permskogo kraya. 1911. P. 151–158. (In Russ.).
  67. Teterevnikova-Babayan D.N. Fungi of the genus Septoria in the USSR. Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR, Yerevan, 1987. (In Russ.).
  68. Ulyanishchev V.I. Keys to rust fungi of the USSR. Pt 2. Nauka i Tekhnologiya, Minsk, 1975. (In Russ.).
  69. van der Merwe R., Halleen F., van Dyke M. et al. Occurrence of canker and wood rot pathogens on stone fruit propagation material and nursery trees in the Western Cape in South Africa. Plant Diseases. 2021. V. 105 (11). P. 3586–3599. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2124-RE
  70. Voglmayr H., Schertler A., Essl F. et al. Alien and cryptogenic fungi and oomycetes in Austria: an annotated checklist (2nd edition). Biol. Invasions. 2023. Vol. 25. P. 27–38.
  71. White T.J., Bruns T., Lee S. et al. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: M.A. Innis etc. (eds). PCR Protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, N.Y., 1990, pp. 315–322.
  72. Zhao Y.J., Hosoya T., Baral H.O. et al. Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus, the correct name for Lambertella albida reported from Japan. Mycotaxon. 2013. V. 122. P. 25–41.
  73. Zheng H.D., Zhuang W.Y. Hymenoscyphus albidoides sp. nov. and H. pseudoalbidus from China. Mycol. Progress. 2014. V. 13. P. 625–638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-013-0945-z
  74. Zviagintsev V.B., Demidko D.A., Panteleev S.V. et al. Distribution of invasive pathogen of ash dieback disease Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in European part of Russia. Izvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoy Lesotehniceskoy Akademii. 2023. V. 244. P. 88–117. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21266/2079-4304.2023.244.88-117
  75. Благовещенская Е.Ю. (Blagoveshchenskaya) Фитопатогенные микромицеты: учебный определитель. Москва: URSS, 2015. 232 с.
  76. Булгаков Т.С., Васильев Н.П., Змитрович И.В. (Bulgakov et al.) Итоги 10-летнего обследования микобиоты пород-интродуцентов дендрария научно-опытной станции „Отрадное“ Ботанического института им. В.Л. Комарова РАН // Ботаника: история, теория, практика (к 300-летию основания Ботанического института им. В.Л. Комарова Российской академии наук): Труды международной научной конференции. СПб.: Изд-во СПбГЭТУ „ЛЭТИ“, 2014. С. 31–39.
  77. Демидова З.А. (Demidova) Краткий обзор болезней культурных и дикорастущих растений в Уральской области // Бюллетень УралОблЗУ. 1925. № 10. С. 9–20.
  78. Демидова З.А. (Demidova) О головневых грибах Урала // Тр. Ин-та экологии раст. и животных. Вып. 70. 1970. С. 53–60.
  79. Звягинцев В.Б., Демидко Д.А., Пантелеев С.В. и др. (Zviagintsev et al.) Распространение инвазивного возбудителя некроза ветвей ясеня аскомицета Hymenoscyphus fraxineus в европейской части России // Изв. Санкт-Петербургской лесотехнической академии. 2023. Вып. 244. С. 88–117.
  80. Каратыгин И.В. (Karatygin) Определитель грибов России. Порядки Taphrinales, Protomycetales, Exobasidiales, Microstromatales. СПб.: Наука, 2002. 135 с.
  81. Купревич В.Ф., Ульянищев В.И. (Kuprevich, Ulyanishchev) Определитель ржавчинных грибов СССР. Ч. 1. Сем. Melampsoraceae и некоторые виды Pucciniaceae. Минск: Наука и техника, 1975. 336 с.
  82. Мамаев С.А. (Mamaev) Определитель деревьев и кустарников Урала. Местные и нтродуцированные виды. Екатеринбург: УрО РАН, 2000. 260 с.
  83. Мухин В.А., Третьякова А.С., Прядеин Д.В. Растения и грибы национального парка “Припышминские боры”. Екатеринбург: Изд-во Уральского ун-та. 2003. 205 c.
  84. Наумов Н.A. (Naumov) Грибы Урала // Зап. УОЛЕ. 1915. Т. 35. С. 1–53.
  85. Степанова-Картавенко Н.Т. (Stepanova) Афиллофоровые грибы Урала. Свердловск: УФАН СССР, 1967. 295 с.
  86. Степанова Н.Т., Сирко А.В. (Stepanova, Sirko) К флоре сумчатых и несовершенных грибов Урала // Споровые растения Урала: Тр. инст. экол. раст. и жив. Вып. 70. Свердловск: УФ АН СССР, 1970. С. 3–52.
  87. Сюзев П.В. (Syuzev) Материалы к микологической флоре Пермской губернии // Bulletin de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou. 1898. T. 12. C. 320–328.
  88. Сюзев П.В. (Syuzev) Грибные паразиты, причиняющие болезнь культурным и полезным растениям в Пермской губернии // Мат-лы по изуч. Пермского края. 1911. Вып. 4. С. 151–158.
  89. Тетеревникова-Бабаян Д.Н. (Teterevnikova-Babayan) Грибы рода Septoria в СССР. Ереван: АН АрмССР, 1987. 479 с.
  90. Ульянищев В.И. (Ulyanishchev) Определитель ржавчинных грибов СССР. Ч. 2. Л.: Наука, 1978. 384 с.
  91. Ширяев А.Г. (Shiryaev) Изменения микобиоты Урало-Сибирского региона в условиях глобального потепления и антропогенного воздействия // Вест.экологии, лесоведения и ландшафтоведения. 2009. № 9. С. 37–47.
  92. Ширяев А.Г., Ставишенко И.В. (Shiryaev, Stavishenko) Дополнение к списку видов базидиальных грибов Свердловской области // Микология и фитопатология. 2011. Т. 45. Вып. 4. С. 345–349.
  93. Ширяев А.Г., Змитрович И.В., Ширяева О.С. (Shiryaev et al.) Новые и редкие виды агарикомицетов на древесных интродуцентах в г. Екатеринбурге (Россия) // Микология и фитопатология. 2022. Т. 56. Вып. 5. С. 350–356.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2025 Russian Academy of Sciences